There are four key parts to a vine, roots, trunk, arms and canes and shoots. The Roots�make up about one third of the dry weight of the vine. Some roots are from 60 cm to as much as 1,5m. Roots play a very important role in accumulating nutrient reserves during autumn. The Trunk�is the main permanent and undivided stem of the vine, which is the connecting link between the roots and the arms or main branches. The trunk increases in diameter every year. The Arms�or branches of the trunk are where the canes or spurs grow and these are pruned to produce vigorous growth for a good grape crop. The Canes and Shoots�originate each year from new buds. They begin as shoots, bear flowers and fruit, and then mature into woody canes. In winter they are pruned back in preparation for the next harvest.